Myrtle Corbin joined Barnum's sideshow at 13 years old. She was born with dipygus, a medical condition which resulted in Myrtle being born with two pelvises, and four legs. She performed until she was 19 years old, at which point other sideshow members tried to falsify her condition. None of the attempts at a faux four-legged woman were as popular as Myrtle herself. Circa 1880s.Wikimedia Commons
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The Greek Albanian
George Costentenus was one of Barnum's oddities who was odd simply for the fact that he was foreign. Originally from Albania, Costentenus was covered from head to toe in tattoos. He claimed to be a descendant of a noble Greek man, who had been kidnapped by Chinese Tartars and tattooed against his will. In reality, they were probably done for show. Wikimedia Commons
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The Feejee Mermaid
The Feejee Mermaid was one of Barnum's most famous non-human oddities. The skeleton was on display in both of Barnum's museums but is believed to have been lost when the second museum burned down. Originally thought to be proof of mermaids in Fiji, and said to be caught by trustworthy fishermen in the shallows off the island, the skeleton was actually that of a small monkey glued to the tail of a large fish. Wikimedia Commons
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Jo-Jo The Dog-Faced Boy
Fedor Jeftichew signed his contract with Barnum when he was 16 years old. He was born with hypertrichosis, which resulted in his face being almost fully covered in hair. Barnum created a false backstory for him that involved a hunter who tracked and captured him. He claimed that he was an uncivilized savage, and to add to the illusion Fedor would regularly bark and growl like a dog. Circa 1880s
Wikimedia Commons
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Chang and Eng Bunker
Chang and Eng Bunker were born outside of Bangkok, in what was then known as Siam. They are the origin of the term "Siamese Twins." In 1829 the two men joined P.T. Barnum's circus and were exhibited as an oddity. After they finished their tour, the pair relocated to North Carolina in America and married a pair of sisters. 1865.Hulton Archive/Getty Images
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Lionel The Lion-faced Man
Like Fedor, Stephan Bibrowski was another one of Barnum's showcases who suffered from hypertrichosis. Since his hair was longer than Fedors, he was branded as part lion. The cause of his affliction was blamed on the fact that his father had been mauled by a lion while his mother was pregnant with him. 1914.adoc-photos/Corbis/Getty Images
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The Human Skeleton
Isaac Sprague performed with Barnum at his American Museum, as the "human skeleton." At the age of 12, Isaac started losing weight despite his healthy appetite, and eventually went down to a weight of 43 pounds. He was often paired with Barnum's overweight performers, to highlight each of their weights. 1867.Wkimedia Commons
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The 161-Year-Old Woman
Long believed to be Barnum's first sideshow attraction, the woman known as Joice Heth was marketed as a 161-year-old nurse, who had been George Washington's nanny. In reality, she only lived to be about 80. Barnum often claimed that her body was buried in his family plot, as the two were close, but upon his internment, it became clear that he had been lying. 1835.Wikimedia Commons
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The Bearded Woman
Annie Jones Elliot toured with Barnum during his circus days. By the age of five, she had a full beard, mustache, and sideburns. She was believed to suffer from hirsutism, a condition that causes excessive body hair growth. Circa 1880s.Wikimedia Commons
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Tom Thumb And Lavinia Williams
Tom Thumb, born Charles Sherwood Stratton, became one of Barnum's most famous oddities as soon as he joined. By the time he was six years old, he had reached his full height of two feet tall. His fame helped finance the museum's multiple tours across Europe and brought Queen Victoria to the audience twice. Eventually, he settled down with Barnum's second "little person" Lavinia Williams. Cira 1860s.Wikimedia Commons
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Zip The Pinhead
Born William Henry Johnson, but known in the circus world as Zip the Pinhead, he was one of Barnum's more controversial acts. Zip was born into a very poor African American family and was believed to suffer from microcephaly, a condition that usually results in an unusually small head. When he was a small child, he was sold to the circus in return for a small sum of money. Barnum then displayed him in a cage, advertising him as a "missing link" between modern humans and apes. Wikimedia Commons
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Jumbo The Elephant
Jumbo was one of the first circus elephants ever. Barnum purchased him from the London zoo in the late 1800s and brought him to America to perform tricks with his sideshow freaks. He frequently played for crowds at Madison Square Garden, but his most notable performance was when he lead a group of 21 elephants across the Brooklyn Bridge to test its stability. His name is where we get the term "jumbo" to describe large things. 1889.Wikimedia Commons
P.T. Barnum’s 13 Most Famous And Unbelievable Oddities
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Phineas Taylor Barnum was born on July 5, 1810, in Bethel, Connecticut. From an early age, it was clear he was going to be an entrepreneur.
By the age of 12, he had made a business for himself by selling snacks and homemade cherry rum at local town events and was able to purchase his own livestock. By the time he was 21, he had purchased a general store, a small lottery, and his own newspaper.
When he was 25, he entered the world of show business, starting with a small sideshow. Though most people associate him with the famous Barnum and Bailey circus, he had an almost 40-year career in sideshows before entering the big top.
In 1841, years before the "Greatest Show on Earth," Barnum purchased a rundown museum in downtown Manhattan and opened Barnum's American Museum. In the museum, he displayed a variety of "oddities," which included historical artifacts, foreign curiosities, animals, and human beings, totaling 500,000 displays in all. The museum was also home to America's first aquarium and wax figure.
Wikimedia CommonsP.T. Barnum
The museum burned down in 1865, the result of a furnace fire in the basement. No humans were harmed, though almost all of the museums' animals died, and the two beluga whales in the aquarium horrifically boiled alive in their tanks.
Not easily deterred, Barnum rebuilt the museum and promised to fully stock it again. However, before he could, another fire destroyed it again three years later.
At this point, Barnum joined up with James Bailey, and together they formed "Barnum and Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth." Taking with them the collection of human oddities leftover from the museum, as well as a new trove of animals, Barnum and Bailey traveled the world in the first big top three-ring circus.
Drawing crowds of hundreds of thousands over the years, including notable figures like Queen Victora, the pair gained enormous fame. They also sparked a group of followers who attempted their own traveling menageries, such as the Ringling Brothers.
When P.T. Barnum wasn't touring the country with his band of misfits, he was active in the Connecticut political sphere. He served as the mayor of Bridgeport and had a seat in the Connecticut General Assembly. He was a Republican, and a supporter of slavery and the temperance movement, which let up to prohibition.
John Kuroski is the editorial director of All That's Interesting. He graduated from New York University with a degree in history, earning a place in the Phi Alpha Theta honor society for history students. An editor at All That's Interesting since 2015, his areas of interest include modern history and true crime.
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Serena, Katie. "P.T. Barnum’s 13 Most Famous And Unbelievable Oddities." AllThatsInteresting.com, November 8, 2017, https://allthatsinteresting.com/pt-barnum-oddities. Accessed February 21, 2025.
