9 Outlandish Covert Operations That The U.S. Government Actually Executed, From LSD Mind Control To Spy Cats

Published September 30, 2022
Updated July 18, 2024

Heart Attack Gun: The U.S. Government Operation To Assassinate World Leaders

Covert Operations Heart Attack Gun

Associated Press/The U.S. CapitolSenator Frank Church of Idaho and Senator John Tower of Texas exhibit a “heart attack” gun developed by the CIA at a Senate hearing in 1975.

On Sept. 17, 1975, an extraordinary hearing took place in the U.S. Senate. Following the Watergate scandal and the erosion of trust in American institutions, many Americans demanded to know what the CIA had been up to. Idaho Senator Frank Church created a committee to find out.

Not only did the so-called Church Committee uncover evidence of covert operations like MK-Ultra, but it also pulled back the curtain on a different government operation called Project MKNAOMI. Analysts with Project MKNAOMI, it found, had been working on weapons, including a “heart attack gun.”

The gun had a simple but devious design. Using a frozen dart of shellfish toxin mixed with water as a bullet, it could swiftly and quietly kill someone from 100 meters away. Once the victim was shot, the dart would melt. And since shellfish toxin is an undetectable poison, the cause of death would always appear to any medical examiner as an ordinary heart attack.

Heart Attack Gun Is Examined

YouTubeArizona Senator Barry Goldwater examines the so-called “heart attack gun” during the September 1975 hearing.

At the Sept. 17 hearing, Church and other senators handled the “heart attack gun,” a modified Colt M1911 pistol equipped with an electrical firing mechanism, and asked CIA Director William Colby questions about it.

“A special [gun] was developed which potentially would be able to enter the target without perception,” Colby admitted to members of the Church Committee. “There was no way of percieving that the target was hit.”

But after that hearing, the gun seemed to have vanished. And, to date, there’s no official record that the CIA assassinated anyone with a heart attack gun. What’s more, President Gerald Ford signed an executive order in 1976 explicitly forbidding government employees from “[engaging] in, or conspire to engage in, political assassination.”

author
Kaleena Fraga
author
A staff writer for All That's Interesting, Kaleena Fraga has also had her work featured in The Washington Post and Gastro Obscura, and she published a book on the Seattle food scene for the Eat Like A Local series. She graduated from Oberlin College, where she earned a dual degree in American History and French.
editor
John Kuroski
editor
John Kuroski is the editorial director of All That's Interesting. He graduated from New York University with a degree in history, earning a place in the Phi Alpha Theta honor society for history students. An editor at All That's Interesting since 2015, his areas of interest include modern history and true crime.
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Fraga, Kaleena. "9 Outlandish Covert Operations That The U.S. Government Actually Executed, From LSD Mind Control To Spy Cats." AllThatsInteresting.com, September 30, 2022, https://allthatsinteresting.com/covert-operations. Accessed February 26, 2025.