Third Man Syndrome: The Curious Phenomenon In Which People In Danger Feel An Unseen Guiding ‘Presence’

Published December 10, 2024
Updated January 8, 2025

Frank Smythe And The ‘Second Person’ He Met On Mount Everest

Frank Smythe's Third Man Syndrome

Public DomainFrank Smythe around 1937.

In 1933, Frank Smythe set out to do what no one else had done before: summit Mount Everest. Along the way, he sensed that he wasn’t alone.

Smythe hadn’t intended to climb the mountain solo. He had started the expedition with several others. But as the harsh elements of the mountain battered the group, Smythe’s expedition fell back. Smythe continued on.

As he climbed toward the summit, the English mountaineer began to experience third man syndrome. He felt a presence so strong that at one point he even turned to offer a snack to his companion — who, of course, wasn’t there.

Frank Smythe On Everest

The Alpine Club Photographic LibraryWhile on Mount Everest, Frank Smythe experienced third man syndrome.

Smythe didn’t manage to reach the summit, but he did survive his attempt. And he later described the strange phenomenon that he’d experienced.

“All the time that I was climbing alone, I had a strong feeling that I was accompanied by a second person,” he wrote, according to NPR. “The feeling was so strong that it completely eliminated all loneliness I might otherwise have felt.”

author
Kaleena Fraga
author
A senior staff writer for All That's Interesting since 2021 and co-host of the History Uncovered Podcast, Kaleena Fraga graduated with a dual degree in American History and French Language and Literature from Oberlin College. She previously ran the presidential history blog History First, and has had work published in The Washington Post, Gastro Obscura, and elsewhere. She has published more than 1,200 pieces on topics including history and archaeology. She is based in Brooklyn, New York.
editor
Jaclyn Anglis
editor
Based in Brooklyn, New York, Jaclyn Anglis is the senior managing editor at All That's Interesting, where she has worked since 2019. She holds a Master's degree in journalism from the City University of New York and a dual Bachelor's degree in English writing and history from DePauw University. In a career that spans 11 years, she has also worked with the New York Daily News, Bustle, and Bauer Xcel Media. Her interests include American history, true crime, modern history, and science.
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Fraga, Kaleena. "Third Man Syndrome: The Curious Phenomenon In Which People In Danger Feel An Unseen Guiding ‘Presence’." AllThatsInteresting.com, December 10, 2024, https://allthatsinteresting.com/third-man-syndrome. Accessed August 20, 2025.