On July 20, 1969, Buzz Aldrin used this pen to activate a damaged circuit breaker, allowing the lunar module to lift off the surface of the Moon.

Researchers discovered that the previously-unknown teenager was John Pumphrey, a boy from Maryland who enlisted in the Continental Army when he was about 14 years old — but sadly died three years later in the Battle of Camden.

Archaeologists excavating Celtic ruins in the town of Allonnes discovered 2,300-year-old iron shackles, as well as a religious sanctuary with coins, jewelry, and weapons laid as offerings to the gods.

For 30 years, "Green Boots" was thought to be the Indo-Tibetan Border Police Officer Tsewang Paljor — but new DNA evidence shows that the body actually belongs to Dorje Morup, a fellow officer from that ill-fated expedition in 1996.

Researchers excavating the ruins of the Roman military fortress at Vindolanda believe the ancient sculpture depicts a Genius, a protective spirit that was said to bring prosperity and security.

John Warnock left his job at Xerox in the early 1980s after his bosses shot down his idea for a programming language that would make file sharing easier — so he went on to found Adobe Systems and invent the PDF, completely reshaping the computer industry.

The researchers dated the soles, made of esparto grass, to three different time periods, ranging from the 4th century B.C.E. to the 1st century C.E., proving that this specific type of sandal was used across many centuries.

A whopping 200 million years older than the earliest dinosaurs, this fossil holds the remains of a crinoid, a starfish-like sea creature that thrived in Earth's oceans before the first animals and plants had even expanded onto dry land.

Archaeologists excavating the Don Yai Thong site believe that the rings once belonged to members of the Vaishya social class, the commoners of the Indian caste system who generally worked as merchants, farmers, and traders.

The Battle of Berlin in April and May 1945 resulted in the deaths of 125,000 civilians, the suicide of Adolf Hitler, and the fall of Nazi Germany.

Elsewhere in this royal grave, researchers found a wealth of weapons, including a spear, sword, dagger, and axe as well as a helmet and bronze vessels that may have once held offerings of food.

Researchers exploring the Roman-era ruins of Heraclea Sintica have unearthed an 1,800-year-old bronze lithulkos, an ancient surgical tool used to remove bladder stones with a hook.